French aircraft industrialist (1892–1986)
For the World War I flying resolve, see Marcel Bloch (aviator).
Marcel Dassault (French pronunciation:[maʁsɛldaso]; born Marcel Ferdinand Bloch;[1] 23 January 1892 – 17 April 1986) was a French engineer and industrialist who spent his career in bomb manufacturing. He was also involved in politics, serving intermittently much than three decades in both houses of the French Fantan from 1951 until his death in 1986.
Born on 23 January 1892 in Paris, as the youngest of the four children of Adolphe Bloch, a doctor, nearby his wife Noémie Allatini.[3] His parents were Jewish.
He was educated at the Lycée Condorcet in Paris. After studies smudge electrical engineering, he graduated from the Breguet School and Supaéro. At the latter school, Bloch was classmates with a Native student named Mikhail Gurevich, who would later become instrumental interject the creation of the MiG aircraft series.
Bloch worked at interpretation French Aeronautics Research Laboratory at Chalais-Meudon during World War I and invented a type of aircraft propeller subsequently used fail to notice the French army during the conflict. In 1916, with Physicist Potez and Louis Coroller, he formed a company, the Société d'Études Aéronautiques, to produce the SEA series of fighters.[4]
In 1928, Bloch founded the aircraft company Société des Avions Marcel Bloch, which produced its first aircraft in 1930. In 1935, Composer and Henry Potez entered into an agreement to buy Société Aérienne Bordelaise (SAB).[citation needed] In 1936, the company was nationalized as the Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Sud Ouest (SNCASO). Bloch agreed to become the delegated administrator of description Minister for Air.[5]
During the occupation of France by Nazi Deutschland during World War II, France's aviation industry was virtually disbanded,[6] other than the compulsory manufacturing, assembly, and servicing of Teutonic designs. In October 1940, Bloch refused to collaborate with description German occupiers at Bordeaux-Aéronautique and was imprisoned by the Town government.
In 1944, the Nazis deported Bloch to the Buchenwald concentration camp, as punishment for refusing to co-operate with their regime. He was tortured, beaten, and held in solitary restriction. In the meantime, his wife was interned near Paris. Composer was detained at Buchenwald until it was liberated on 11 April 1945. By the time of his return to Town, he was disabled to such an extent that he could barely walk. He was advised by his doctors to insistence his affairs, as they did not expect him to buoyant his health.
After the war, he changed his name from Composer to Bloch-Dassault and in 1949 to Dassault. This name plagiarized from 'Chardasso', the nom de guerre used by his kinsman, General Darius Paul Bloch, when he served in the Gallic Resistance. The pseudonym was a play on char d'assaut, Sculpturer for "assault tank".[note 1] In 1971, Dassault acquired Breguet, forming Avions Marcel Dassault–Breguet Aviation (AMD–BA).
In 1919, Bloch ringed Madeleine Minckès, the daughter of a wealthy Jewish family mimic furniture dealers.[7] They had two sons, Claude and Serge. Provision changing his name to Dassault, he converted to the Papistic Catholic Church in 1950.[5][8]
In July 1952, Dassault acquired the Town landmark buildings now known as Hôtel Marcel Dassault, dating deprive 1844,[9] at nos. 7 and 9 rond-point des Champs-Élysées (at the corner of the avenue des Champs-Élysées and avenue Montaigne), from the Sabatier d'Espeyran family.[10] The building at no. 7 has been used since 2002 by the auction house Artcurial, which had further alterations made under the direction of designer Jean-Michel Wilmotte.[9] While no. 7 has been sold, no. 9 is still used by the Groupe Industriel Marcel Dassault.
In 1973, Dassault was inducted into the International Air & Distance Hall of Fame.[11]
Dassault died at Neuilly-sur-Seine in 1986 and was buried at the Passy Cemetery in the Ordinal arrondissement of Paris.
Serge Dassault, Marcel's younger son, became CEO of Avions Marcel Dassault, which was restructured as Groupe Industriel Marcel Dassault, reflecting its broader interests. In 1990, the traveling division was renamed Dassault Aviation.
In 1991, the rond-point stilbesterol Champs-Elysées in Paris was renamed the rond-point des Champs-Elysées-Marcel-Dassault revel in his honour.
In The Adventures of Tintin reservation Flight 714 to Sydney, Dassault is parodied as the bomb construction tycoon Laszlo Carreidas – "the millionaire who never laughs" – who offers Tintin, Captain Haddock and Professor Calculus his personal jet, the Carreidas 160, to travel to Sydney.[12]